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厄瓜多尔奥连特盆地是南美洲最重要的含油气盆地之一，油气资源丰富，主要产层为白垩系Napo组砂岩储层。前人研究认为油源主要来自于Napo组内的泥页岩，对Napo组内泥灰岩作为烃源岩的生烃潜力开展的研究较少、认识不足。为研究奥连特盆地Napo组泥灰岩生烃潜力，选取盆地北部不同构造区带Napo组内泥灰岩样品开展有机碳、岩石热解等地球化学实验，结果表明：奥连特盆地北部白垩系Napo组泥灰岩段整体为好-很好质量的烃源岩，有机质类型以II型干酪根为主，少量为III型；显微组分分析显示，其有机质为陆源高等植物和水生菌藻类的混合，发育于海相沉积环境；不同构造带泥灰岩岩心实验数据表明盆地北部西部逆冲带、中部拗陷带的泥灰岩烃源岩已经进入生油窗，而东部斜坡带的泥灰岩烃源岩尚未成熟，烃源成熟度与古沉积时期位置密切相关。综合他人研究成果与地球化学分析数据认为奥连特盆地北部西侧和中部构造带内白垩系Napo组泥灰岩分布稳定、厚度大，烃源条件好，具有较强的生烃潜力，应作为下步勘探评价重点之一。
Abstract：The Oriente Basin in Ecuador is one of the most important oil and gas basins in South America, with abundant oil and gas resources. The main production layer is the Cretaceous Napo Formation sandstone reservoir. Previous studies think that the oil of Napo Formation come from the muddy shale in the Oriente Basin. There are few studies and insufficient understanding on the hydrocarbon generation potential of marlstoneas a hydrocarbon source rock within the Napo Formation. In order to study the hydrocarbon potential of marlstone of Napo Formation, geochemical experiments such as organic carbon and rock pyrolysis were carried out on marlstone samples from the Napo Formation in different tectonic zones in the northern part of the basin. The results show that the marlstone section of the Cretaceous Napo Formation in the northern Oriente Basin as a whole is of good to very good quality source rocks. The organic matter type is mainly type II kerogen, with a small amount being type III. Microscopic component analysis shows that its organic matter is a mixture of terrestrial higher plants and aquatic bacteria and algae, which developed in Marine sedimentary environments. Experimental data of marlstone cores from different structural zones indicate that the marl source rocks in the northern and western thrust zone and the central depression zone of the basin have entered the oil-generating window, while those in the eastern slope zone are not yet mature. The maturity of the source rocks is closely related to the position during the paleosedimentary period. Based on the research results of others and geochemical analysis data, it is believed that the Cretaceous Napo Formation marlstone in the northern, west and central tectonic zones of the Oriente Basin is stable in distribution, thick in thickness, and has good hydrocarbon source conditions, with strong hydrocarbon generation potential. It should be one of the key points for the next exploration and evaluation.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:P618.13
引用信息:
[1]陈杰,张克鑫,林平,等.厄瓜多尔奥连特盆地北部泥灰岩烃源岩地球化学特征及潜力评价[J].四川地质学报,2025,45(03):402-410.
基金信息:
中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目（2021DJ3105）; 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司科技课题（CQ2024B-26-2-4）